Commonly, the baud rate with 1200, 4800, 9600, 115200 are used.
Rs232 Ascii Commands Serial Communication ProtocolsModern hardware designs use innovative serial communication protocols like USB, Ethernet, and Wi-Fi.It is proven to be compatible across different manufacturers for interfacing computer and modems.Contents 1 What is RS232 Protocol 2 Electrical Standards 3 Communication Interface 4 Types of Serial Cables 5 How RS232 Communication Works 6 What is Handshaking 7 Difference between RS232 and UART 8 Advantages 9 Disadvantages 10 Applications What is RS232 Protocol In RS232, RS stands for Recommended Standard.It defines the serial communication using DTE and DCE signals. Here, DTE refers to Data Terminal Equipment and DCE refers to the Data Communication Equipment. Formally, it is specified as the interface between DTE equipment and DCE equipment using serial binary data exchange. Communication between DTE and DCE The DTE (computer) transmits the information serially to the other end equipment DCE (modem). ![]() RS232 describes the common voltage levels, electrical standards, operation mode and number of bits to be transferred from DTE to DCE. This standard is used for transmission of information exchange over the telephone lines. Electrical Standards The electrical specifications for RS232 are updated in the year 1969. It specifies the electrical voltages, slew rate, line impedance, operation mode, and baud rate. Voltage Levels The line voltages of RS232 range from -25V to 25V. RS232 Voltage Levels The signal voltage between 3V to 25V represents logic 1 and the signal voltages between 3V to 25V represents logic 0. Whereas the control voltage signals use negative logic, i.e., logic 1 indicates -3 to -25 volts and logic 0 indicates 3V to 25V. The voltage from -3V to 3V is considered as an indeterminate state. Slew Rate The change of input voltage determines the rate at which the RS232 driver responds. The RS232 standard maintains a minimum slew rate with slow rise and fall time to reduce the cross-talk between neighbouring signals. Line Impedance The impedance bridging between RS232 driver and the receiver is defined to maximize the voltage transfer between the transmitter and receiver. Mode of Operation The RS232 devices work on single-ended signaling (two wire). This means one wire transmits an altering voltage and another wire is connected to ground. Single-ended signals are affected by the noise induced by differences in ground voltages of the driver and receiver circuits. The advantage of the single-ended technique is, it requires fewer wires to transmit information. Baud rate It is the number of binary bits transferred per second.
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