Prevodilac Prijava Prevodilac O Google Prevodiocu Zajednica Privatnost i uslovi Pomo Poalji povratne informacije Osnovno o Googleu Google aplikacije Glavni meni.The greatest genius in this form, which came to be called the Gothic novel, was undoubtedly Mrs Radcliffe, whose The Mysteries of Udolpho 1794, and other works were abundantly imitated, and had a profound influence on the taste of generations of readers, who looked for fiction which combined art with the fantastic, the grotesque, and the mysterious, and made a strong appeal to the emotions. 19th century overview.A novel as a physical object.
Extended fictional prose narrative, often including the psychological development of the central characters and of their relationship with a broader world. The modern novel took its name and inspiration from the Italian novella, the short tale of varied character which became popular in the late 13th century. As the main form of narrative fiction in the 20th century, the novel is frequently classified according to genres and subgenres such as the historical novel, detective fiction, fantasy, and science fiction. Origins. The European novel is said to have originated in Greece in the 2nd century bc. Ancient Greek examples include the Daphnis and Chlo of Longus; almost the only surviving Latin work that could be called a novel is the Golden Ass of Apuleius (late 2nd century), based on a Greek model. There is a similar, but until the 19th century independent, tradition of prose narrative including psychological development in the Far East, notably in Japan, with, for example, the 11th-century Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu. Development. A major period of the novels development came during the late Italian Renaissance, when the stimulus of foreign travel, increased wealth, and changing social patterns produced a greater interest in the events of everyday life, as opposed to religious teaching, legends of the past, or fictional fantasy. The works of the Italian writers Boccaccio and Matteo Bandello (14851561) were translated into English in such collections as William Painters Palace of Pleasure 156667, and inspired the Elizabethan novelists, including John Lyly, Philip Sidney, Thomas Nash, and Thomas Lodge. With the growth of literacy, the novel rapidly developed from the 18th century to become, in the 20th century, the major literary form. During the 16th and 17th centuries four kinds of prose fiction became popular: comic romance, political romance, pastoral romance, and heroic romance. Comic romance substantially began with Franois Rabelaiss burlesque romances in the 1530s. The Vita di Bertoldo 1618, by the Italian Giulio Cesare Croce was, for 200 years, as popular in Italy as Robinson Crusoe or the Pilgrims Progress in England. In the next century France produced, among others, Paul Scarrons Roman comique 165157, and Furtires Roman bourgeois 1666. Probably the earliest political romance, though more a book of philosophy than a work of fiction, was Thomas Mores Utopia 1516 (first translated from original Latin into English 1551). The first major pastoral romance was Arcadia 1501, by Jacopo Sannazaro, written in Italian. Probably the most significant English prose fiction of the period in this class was Arcadia 1590, by Philip Sidney. During the 18th century, the most brilliant European works were produced by French and English writers. These works reflected a preoccupation with the events of the time, and included carefully designed prose to carry both scientific, political, and religious theories, as well as biography, history, and journalism, but little fiction; most of the writers of fiction for the next 70 years combined abilities from other fields. Daniel Defoe was an inspired writer of prose fiction, and although his novels show many signs of the highest art and organization, they remain in some respects works of journalism rather than fiction. Most critics acknowledge the true birth of the English novel with the publication of Samuel Richardsons Pamela 1740, which opened the way to the full exploration of the novels potential. By the close of the 18th century most of the possibilities inherent in the novel had been mapped out; from Tobias Smolletts novels of successive events to Laurence Sternes Tristram Shandy (176067), in which virtually all the potentials of the novel form are explored, mocked, achieved, discussed, and demonstrated. Another notable achievement was the Vicar of Wakefield, 1766, by Oliver Goldsmith. The publication in 1765 of Thomas Percys Reliques reawakened an interest in the age of chivalry and romance. The first of the modern romantic school was Horace Walpole, whose Castle of Otranto was published 1764.
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